How Can I Tell If My Dog Is in Heat?
If you have an unspayed female dog, understanding the signs of her heat cycle is essential. The heat cycle, also known as the estrous cycle, is when a female dog becomes receptive to mating. Knowing the signs can help you manage her behaviour, prevent unwanted pregnancies, and ensure her well-being.
Understanding the Heat Cycle
The heat cycle in dogs typically begins when they reach sexual maturity, which can be anywhere from six months to two years old, depending on the breed. The cycle occurs approximately every six months and lasts around two to four weeks.
The cycle has four stages:
- Proestrus – The beginning stage, lasting about 7–10 days, where hormonal changes start but the dog is not yet receptive to mating.
- Estrus – The fertile stage, lasting around 5–14 days, where the female is receptive to males.
- Diestrus – A resting phase lasting 60–90 days if no pregnancy occurs.
- Anestrus – The period between heat cycles, lasting about 4–5 months.
Signs That Your Dog Is in Heat
1. Swollen Vulva
One of the first physical signs of heat is swelling of the vulva. It may appear larger and softer than usual, which indicates hormonal changes.
2. Bloody Discharge
During the proestrus stage, your dog will likely have a bloody vaginal discharge. The colour may change from bright red to a lighter pink as she moves into the estrus stage.
3. Frequent Urination
You may notice your dog urinating more frequently. This is because she releases pheromones in her urine to signal her reproductive status to male dogs.
4. Increased Attention from Male Dogs
If your dog is in heat, male dogs in the area will show more interest in her, sniffing and trying to get close. She may also reciprocate this interest by raising her tail to the side (a behaviour known as “flagging”).
5. Changes in Behaviour
Dogs in heat may display changes in behaviour such as:
- Becoming more affectionate or clingy
- Restlessness or nervousness
- Excessive licking of the genital area
- Mounting other dogs, objects, or even people
- Mood swings, including irritability or aggression
6. Tail Positioning
A clear sign of estrus is when your dog moves her tail to the side when touched near the hindquarters. This indicates she is receptive to mating.
How to Manage a Dog in Heat
- Keep Her Indoors – Prevent unwanted pregnancies by keeping her indoors or supervised at all times.
- Use Dog Diapers – If the bleeding is significant, a dog diaper can help keep your home clean.
- Limit Outdoor Walks – If you must take her outside, always keep her on a lead and avoid areas with unneutered males.
- Provide Comfort – Some dogs experience mild discomfort, so offering a quiet and cosy space can help.
- Monitor Behaviour – If your dog seems overly distressed, consult your vet for advice on how to keep her comfortable.
When to See a Vet
While the heat cycle is natural, you should consult a vet if:
- The heat cycle lasts longer than four weeks.
- There is excessive bleeding.
- Your dog shows signs of illness, such as lethargy or loss of appetite.
Final Thoughts
Recognising the signs of heat in your dog is important for her health and well-being. By understanding her cycle, you can take steps to ensure she is comfortable and safe. If you’re not planning to breed your dog, spaying is a responsible option that prevents heat cycles and helps reduce the risk of certain health conditions.
For more tips on dog ownership and care, explore the Dog Blog at Dog Deals for valuable resources.